\n\nBackground Bare-metal stenting is inferior to MIDCAB surgery in patients with isolated proximal LAD lesions due to a higher reintervention rate with similar results for mortality and reinfarction. SES are effective in restenosis reduction.\n\nMethods A total of 130 patients AZD2171 with significant proximal LAD coronary artery disease were randomized to either SES (n = 65) or MIDCAB surgery (n = 65). The primary clinical end point was noninferiority in freedom from major adverse cardiac events (MACE),

such as cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and the need for target vessel revascularization within 12 months.\n\nResults Follow-up was completed for all patients. MACE occurred in 7.7% of patients after stenting, as compared with 7.7% after surgery (p = 0.03 for noninferiority). The individual components of the combined end point revealed mixed results. Although noninferiority was revealed for the difference in death and myocardial infarction (1.5% vs. 7.7%, noninferiority p < 0.001), noninferiority was not established for the difference in target vessel revascularization (6.2% vs. 0%, noninferiority p = 0.21). Clinical symptoms improved significantly

in both treatment groups in comparison with baseline, and the percentage of patients free from angina after 12 months was 81% versus 74% Selleckchem GSK1904529A (p = 0.49).\n\nConclusions In isolated proximal LAD disease, SES is noninferior to MIDCAB surgery at 12-month follow-up with respect to MACE at a similar relief in clinical symptoms. (MIDCAB Versus DES in Proximal LAD Lesions; NCT00299429) (J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 53: 2324-31) (C) 2009 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation”
“Carotenoids produced by Sporidiobolus pararoseus were studied. It was found

that biomass was connected with carbon source, temperature, and pH, but carotenoids proportion was seriously influenced by dissolved oxygen and nitrogen source. Different carotenoids could be obtained by using selected optimum conditions. In the end we established the strategies to produce beta-carotene or torulene. Fed-batch fermentation in fermentor was used to prove the authenticity of our conclusions. The cell biomass, beta-carotene content, EPZ5676 manufacturer and beta-carotene proportion could reach 56.32 g/L, 18.92 mg/L and 60.43%, respectively, by using corn steep liquor at 0-5% of dissolved oxygen saturation. beta-Carotene content was 271% higher than before this addition. The cell biomass, torulene content, and torulene proportion could reach 62.47 g/L, 31.74 mg/L, and 70.41%, respectively, by using yeast extract at 30-35% of dissolved oxygen saturation. Torulene content was 152% higher than before this addition. The strategy for enhancing specific carotenoid production by selected fermentation conditions may provide an alternative approach to enhance carotenoid production with other strains.